Permanent wave pad



1942. J. E. DWYER PERMANENT WAVE PAD Filed March 24,v 1942 INVENTOR J7W5 EDWA/Pfl DWYER' BY ATRNEY Patented Aug. 25, 1942 PERMANENT WAVE PAD James Edward D-wyer, New York, N. Y., assignor to E. Frederics, Inc., Long Island City, N. Y., a corporation of New York Application March 24, 1942, Serial No. 435,932

8 Claims. 132--36.2)

The invention relates to pads for use in the p r n nt waving of hair, and more particularly to improvements in pads of the type in which a Wrapping element, comprising one or more sheets or foils, is employed in combination with means for applying a Wave solution or vapor to the hair.

A common form of permanent wave pad consists of an absorbent pad having a sheet of metal foil attached thereto. A sheet of moisture-resistant paper, such as parchment paper,

generally is arranged between the absorbent pad and the metal foil. The absorbent pad is designed to be moistened with a suitable wave solution, or lotion, and then wrapped around a tress of hair coiled on a rod. The foil, in turn, is wrapped around the pad, after which a heat applicator is clamped around the wrapped coil. Metal foil for use in such pads is no longer obtainable because of governmental restrictions imposed to give priority to war needs. Accordingly, it is an object of my invention to provide a Wave pad which can be constructed without the use of metal foil, yet which is capable of producing equal, if not superior, results in the hair waving operation.

Attempts were made to employ sheets of Cellophane in place of the metal foil in pads otherwise constructed as described above. It was found, however, that pads so constructed were unsatisfactory in many respects. For one thing, the Cellophane lacked suificient body, and it was found that the heat applied in the waving operation caused it to shrivel up so that it would not hold its proper form or position. Moreover, the moisture in the air caused the Cellophane to curl up at the edges or corners even before application to the hair, making the pads difficult to handle and giving them an unat tractive appearance. I have found, however, that if a sheet of regenerated cellulose material, such as Cellophane, is adhesively secured to a sheet of heat-resistant material, such as asbestos, so as to form a Cellophane-asbestos composite, this composite material not only possesses the capacity to protect the hair from the intense dry heat which otherwise would be encountered after the wave lotion had been driven off, but also overcomes the disadvantages described above, namely the curling and shriveling of the Cellophane, etc. Accordingly, it has been another object of my invention to provide a permanent wave pad having a non-metallic insulating wrapping element comprising a sheet of regenerated cellulose in combination with means for keeping the cellulose sheet flat for storin and handling purposes, and for preventing shriveling during use.

A further object of the invention is to provide a pad of the class described which is more flexible than ordinary pads, and which, because of its improved characteristics, will result in a superior wave and leave the hair softer.

Another object is to provide a permanent wave pad which is capable of retaining the moisture in the hair for a longer time than are pads of the constructions known heretofore.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will appear as the description proceeds.

In the drawing, wherein I have illustrated certain preferred embodiments of my invention: Y

Fig. 1 is a face view of one representative form of pad; and Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of this pad, taken on the line 2-4 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a face view of another representative form of pad; and Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of this pad, taken on the line 4--4 of Fig. 3.

Referring more particularly to Figs. 1 and 2, my improved pad comprises a sheet 5 of regenerated cellulose, such as Cellophane, and a sheet 6 of heat-resistant material, such as asbestos, secured. thereto, these sheets together forming a wrapping element. An absorbent element 1 is secured along one edge to the composite sheet formed by the Cellophane and asbestos sheets. A sheet 8 of moisture-resistant material, such as parchment paper or the like, preferably is secured adjacent the composite sheet so as to be arranged to separat the absorbent element 1 from the composite sheet 5, 6. The sheets 5 and 6 preferably are adhesively secured together over their entire area so as to form a laminated sheet which is, in effect, a single sheet partaking of the characteristics of both the regenerated cellulose layer and the asbestos layer. Any suitable adhesive may be employed for securing the sheets 5 and 6 together. Adhesives for Cellophane and similar materials are well known in the art. The composite material is moisture and heat resistant, soft and pliable, yet non-curling and resistant to shriveling under high temperatures. Thus the desirable characteristics of the Cellophane are retained, While certain of its undesirable characteristics are eliminated or suppressed.

The absorbent element 1 may be made of a sheet of pulp paper or other absorbent material 5 wrapped in a gauze envelope I0. I prefer to make the absorbent layer 9 of pulp paper because of its excellent absorbent properties and low cost, although it will be understood that other types of absorbent material may be employed in its place. I also prefer to stitch the absorbent layer 9 in the gauze envelope l0, and for this purpose there may be provided parallel rows of stitching H. The upper end of the gauze envelope, as viewed in Figs. 1 and 2, preferably extends beyond the edge of the absorbent layer, and this extending edge of the gauze is stitched to the wrapping element 5, 6 and to the moisture resistant sheet 8, as at l2, so as to provide a hinge between the absorbent part of the pad and the wrapping element. This permits the pad to be gripped by the wrapper whileit is being moistened, as by dipping it into the wave lotion.

The sheet of regenerated cellulose may, for example, be made of Cellophane or Pliofilm of a thickness preferably between .001 to .003 of an inch in thickness, and I prefer to use what is known as fiameproof Cellophane. I have found, however, that very satisfactory results are obtained with ordinary Cellophane as well. The Cellophane or the like may be transparent, translucent or opaque, and if desired, may be printed in different colors so as to give it an attractive appearance, and may carry appropriate trade designations, instructions or other printed matter. I have found that very satisfactory results are obtained when regenerated cellulose material of the thickness stated is laminated to asbestos paper having a thickness on the order of .006 of an inch. The moisture-resistant sheet 8 may also carry appropriate printed matter, if desired.

Reference is now made to Figs. 3 and 4 in which I have shown a somewhat modified construction. The laminated wrapping element of this construction is essentially the same as has been described with reference to Figs. 1 and 2, and comprises a sheet 5 of regenerated cellulose, such as Cellophane, and a sheet 6 of heat-resistant material, such as asbestos. The absorbent element l3 of this construction is similar to the absorbent element 1 of Figs. 1 and 2, except that the absorbent layer 9 extends flush with the edge of the gauze envelope 10, as at M. In this embodiment the moisture-resistant layer l5 of parchment paper or the like is adhesively secured to the Cellophane-asbestos composite. It is not necessary that the adhesive extend over the entire area of the sheet 6, and I prefer to tack the sheet I5 thereto only along its lateral edges. Also, in this embodiment, the sheet I5 extends beyond the lateral edges of the Cellophaneasbestos composite, as at l6, providing a projecting portion to which suitable clips may be attached after the pad has been wrapped around a tress of hair coiled around a curling rod. The absorbent element I3 may be stitched to the composite sheet 5, 6 and sheet [5 by thread or by metal staples ll. In other respects, the construction of this pad is substantially the same as has been described with reference to the embodiment of Figs. 1 and 2, and it may be made of similar materials, printed or colored as desired.

The specific embodiments which I have described are intended to be merely illustrative, and it will be understood that the invention is applicable to pads embodying other features which do not form a part of the present invention. Also, it will be understood that the sheet 5 may be made of cellulosic materials other than those specifically mentioned, and which possess characteristics such that when laminated to asbestos or the like, in the manner described, are prevented from curling due to moisture and/or shriveling due to heat, so as to possess in substantial degree these or other advantages of the present invention.

I claim:

1. A permanent wave pad comprising a sheet of regenerated cellulose, and a sheet of heatresistant material secured to the cellulose sheet to form a pliable non-curling laminated covering.

2. A permanent wave pad comprising a sheet of Cellophane, and a sheet of heat-resistant material secured to the Cellophane sheet to form a pliable non-curling laminated covering.

3. A permanent wave pad comprising a sheet of regenerated cellulose, and a sheet of asbestos secured to the cellulose sheet to form a pliable non-curling laminated covering.

4. A permanent wave pad comprising a sheet of Cellophane, and a sheet of asbestos secured to the Cellophane sheet to form a pliable noncurling laminated covering.

5. A permanent wave pad comprising a sheet of cellulose material adhesively secured to a sheet of heat-resistant material to form a pliable non-curling laminated covering.

6. A cover sheet for permanent wave pads comprising an adhesively laminated Cellophaneasbestos composite.

7. A permanent wave pad comprising a sheet of regenerated cellulose, a sheet of asbestos adhesively secured to the cellulose sheet, and an absorbent element secured along one edge to the composite sheet formed by the cellulose and asbestos sheets.

8. A permanent wave pad comprising a sheet of regenerated cellulose, a sheet of asbestos adhesively secured to the cellulose sheet, a sheet of moisture-resistant material, and an absorbent element, the moisture-resistant material arranged to separate the absorbent element from the composite sheet formed by the cellulose and asbestos sheets.

JAMES EDWARD DWYER. 

